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#AqoonKaal.com: Ma ogtahay in lambarka kaadhka aqoonsiga canugaaga (ee loo yaqaan Social Security Number) haddii tuugo helaan ay ku furan karaan akoon bangi, credit card, ku dalban karaan deyn ama adeeg, ku kiraysan karaan guri, ku dalban karan caawinaadda dawladda, ku gadan karaan baabuur ama ku iibsadaan telefoonka gacanta . Arrimahaasi haddii aan wax laga qaban waxay saamayn ku reebi karaan carruurta marka ay qaan-gaaraan.

Qoraalkan AqoonKaal.com waxaan ku baran doonaa: Sida lagu garto in la xaday lambarka aqoonsiga canugga iyo sida looga hor tegi karo, xarumaha laga hubiyo in lagu xad gudbay Credit-ka carruurta, iyo waxa xal noqon kara haddii aad ku baraarugtid in la xaday aqoonsiga canugaaga.

Haddaba, soo diyaarso koob shaah ah oo sonkor khafiif ah leh (waa haddii aadan soomanayn), markaas si deggan u dhuux qoraalkan.

Dhibaatada Dahsoon ee soo food saari karta carruurta:

Korinta, dhawrista, difaaca iyo xanaanaynta carruurta waa hawl u baahan shaqo culus oo joogto ah ilaa ay ka hana-qaadayaan: Ka ilaalinta dhari/digsi kulul, ka foojignaanta in ciyaal xaafadeedku u cagajugleeyaan [bully] ama gardaraystaan ama lagu xad gudbo, foojignaanta marka la goynayo wadooyinka si looga taxadaro gawaadhida – waalidku waxay had iyo jeer isha ku hayaan wax kasta oo dhib u geysan kara carruurtooda.

Waxaa arrimahaas ka sii argagax badan waa dhibaatada dahsoon, taas oo la xidhiidhta in la xado aqoonsiga canugga, habkaas oo loo yaqaan [identity theft] ayadoo qof kale si sharci darro ah u adeegsado magaca iyo kaadhka aqoonsiga canugga, arrintaas oo walwal ku haysa waalidiin badan.

Waxaad qiyaastaa dhaawaca iyo dhibaato intee leeg oo loo gaysan karo – ayadoo aan waalidku ku baraarugsanayn ama kaba war qabin – haddii tuug khaa’in ah uu xado lambarka aqoonsiga canugga, lambarka teesaraha (sida Social Security number) oo tuuggaasi sidii uu doono ugu tagri falo ilaa canuggu ka noqonayo qaan-gaar.

Tuugga (qori-is-mariska) xaday aqoonsiga canugga waxa uu u adeegsan karaa in uu ku furto akoon bangi, ku samaysto laysanka gawaarida lagu wado, magaca canugga lagu kiraysto gaari ama lagu qaato deyn wixii la doono, ayadoo waalidku aysan arrimahaas war u hayn.

Ka warran marka canuggu qaan-gaaro oo uu isku dayo in uu furto akoon bangi, in markaas loo diido oo lagu yiraahdo: 16-sano ayaad soo qaadanaysey deyn, taas oo aadan weli bixin, waxaad tahay qayru-masuul, sidaas daraadeed hadda laguma siin karo kaadh ama [credit] ama akoon ma furan kartid. Taas oo canuggii hadda soo hana-qaaday ku noqon karta caqabad hor istaagta horumarkii uu higsanaayey, kuna riddaysa jaah wareer – “war heedhe, waa yaab’e! – adduunkan waa ku cusbahay ee goormaan sidaas la iga sheegayo sameeyey.”

Afartankii qoys oo kasta, hal qoys ayaa xatooyadu saamaysay

Sida ku cad warbixin sannadkii 2012 ay diyaarisay xarunta Identity Theft Assistance Center – (cinwaanka warbixinta oo ahaa: 2012 Child Identity Fraud Report) – waxaa lagu ogaadey in xatooyo aqoonsiga carruurta loo geystey boqolkiiba 2.5% oo ah qoysaska (Maraykanka) ee haysta carruur da’doodu ka yar tahay 18-sano.

Haddii si kale oo dhigo, afartankii qoys oo  kasta (oo Maraykan ah), hal qoys oo ka mid ah ayey afaaysay ama saamaysay xatooyo loo geystey aqoosiga  caruurtooda.

Waxaa taas ka horsey warbixin 2009-2010 samaysay Jaamacadda Carnegie Mellon University ee ku taal Maraykanka oo lagu eegay carruur tiradoodu gaaraysay 42,000 oo da’doodu ka yartahay 18-sano, waxaa lagu ogaadey in:

• Boqolkiiba 10.2% ka mid ah carruurtaas in qof kale si xatooyo ah u adeegsadey lambarkooda aqoonsiga ee Social Security number,
• Aqoonsiga la xaday ee carruurta waxaa loo adeegsadey in lagu iibsadey guryo, gawaari, in lagu furtay credit cards iyo in loo adeegsadey in lagu shaqaysto,
• Qiimaha ugu badan ee si tuuganimo lagu qaatay magaca canug waxa uu ahaa $725,000 oo lagu qaadatay magac gaabar 16 jir ah,
• Canugga ugu da’da yar ee aqoonsigiisa la xaday waxa uu ahaa shan bilood (5 months), sidoo kale 303 kamid carruurtaas aqoonsigooda la xaday waxaa da’doodu ka yarayd shan sano.

Warbixin ay daabacday jariidadda Washington Post (December 2012) ayaa tibaaxay in carruurta da’doodu u dhaxayso 6 sano ilaa 11 sano jir ay yihiin kuwa ugu nugul in laga xado lambarka aqoonsigooda.

Waxaana jariidaddu xustay qof dumar ah oo sheegtay in aqoonsigeeda la xaday markii ay ahayd 11 sano jir, laakiin arrintaas ku baraarugtey waa dambe oo ay qof weyn noqotay markii ay damacday in ay guri kiraysato.

Sidoo kale warbixin ay 2011 daabacday shabakadda Huffington Post ayaa sheegtay qof dumar ah oo xilliga aqoonsigeeda la xaday ahayd 12 sano jir, in hadda oo ay jirtey 31 sano in weli  ay daba socoto dhibkii ay tuugadu u geysteen magaceeda.

Sida caadiga ah waxaa wararka lagu sheegaa tuug jooga qaarad fog oo isagoo adeegsanayo computer markaas xaday aqoonsiga.

Laakiin marka laga hadlayo xatooyada loo geysto aqoonsiga carruurta waxay noqon kartaa mid intaas ka dhaw oo aan ka dheerayn guriga. Cilmi baarisyo la sameeyey ayaa lagu ogaadey in xatooyada aqoonsiga carruurta waxaa ugu badan oo fuliya ay yihiin qof qoyska saaxiib la ah, ama reerka garanaya ama qaraabo ama deris la ah, ama isku degaan yihiin kaas oo xadaya Lambarka Aqoonsiga Canugga ee Social Security Number si uu ugu dalbado shaqo, ama ugu xeraysto cashuur celin (tax return), ku dalbado caawinaad dawladeed ama ku furto akoono bangi.

Waxay qaadan kartaa qiyaastii hal sano in lagu baraarugo in xatooyo loo geystey aqoonsiga canugga, taas oo afar jeer ka badan inta lagu ogaan karo haddii la xaday aqoonsiga qof qaan-gaar ah, waxaa sidaas qortay warbixnta kor ku xusan.

Calaamadaha lagu garto in la xaday aqoonsiga canugga

Sida ku qeexeen Guddiga Ganacsiga ee Federaalka Maraykanka (FTC.GOV) iyo cilmi baarisyo kaleba: waxaa jira dhawr calaamadood oo kuu muujin kara in akhbaarta aqoonsiga carruurta si khaldan loo isticmaalay ama la xaday. Waxaana calaamadahaas ka mid ah in adiga ama canugga:

• Loo diido caawinaadda dawladda (government benefits) sababna looga dhigo in caawinaaddaas la siiyey qof kale oo adeegsanaya lambarka aqoonsiga (Social Security Number) ee canugaaga.
• In aad waraaq ka heshid qaybta cashuur-celinta uu qaabilsan Maraykanka ee IRS oo kugu war gelinaysa in canugaagu uusan bixin cashuur celintii dakhliga soo galay (income tax), ama in lambarka aqoonsiga ee canugaaga lagu xeraysay cashuur celinta sannadka.
• In waraaqo ku qoran magaca canuga loo soo diro, ayagoo dhehaya “waxaan kuu ansixinay credit card” ayadoo canugga loola hadlayo sidii qof qaan-gaadh ah.
• In ay ku soo wacaan qaan-sheegtayaal raadinaya in ay u baahan yihiin in loo soo gudo deyn aan jirin balse ay ku andacoonayaan in canugaagu qaaday, ama adeeg aan loo qaban canugga, balse ay ku qaan-sheeganayaan.

Arrimahaasi waxay muujinayaan ama ugu yaraan ifafaale u yihiin in xadgudub dhacay ama lagu tagri falay aqoonsiga canugga.

Maahmaah Soomaaliyeed ayaa ahayd “Maba dhalane dhawrtaysan ogaa”, taas hadda waxaa loo bedeli karaa “Maba dhalane LA dhawrtaysan ogaa” – waa haddii lagu taagri falay aqoonsiga canugga.

Ka hortagga xatooyada aqoonsiga carruurta

Arrimaha sare waa kuwo walwal ku abuuri kara waalidka. Laakiin nasiib wanaag waxaa jira tallaabooyin ku haboon in la qaado si looga hortago ama loo yareeyo xatooyada aqoonsiga carruurta, waxaana ka mid ah:

• Ugu horayn meel ammaan ah ku xafid waraaqaha iyo aaladaha electronic ah ee ay ku qoran yihiin ama ku jiraan aqoonsiga canugaaga, sida Social Security Number, warqadda dhalashada (birth certificates) iwm.
• Lambarka aqoonsiga canugaaga ha u qorin cid aadan aqoon rasmi ah u lahayn, haddii ay lagama maarmaan tahay oo keliya u qor cidda aad ku kalsoon tahay. Laakiin marka hore weydii in lagu kaaftoomi karo  afarta lambar ee u dambeeya aqoonsiga, halkii aad uga qori lahayd lambarka oo dhamaystiran.
• Iskoolka ama dugsiga canugaagu dhigto weydii qaabka ay u xafidaan akhbaarta ku saabsan canugaaga, waajib ayaa saran iskoolka laakiin adiguna ku adkee in aysan dayacin waraaqaha ay ku qoran yihiin aqoonsiga canugaaga.
• Sida daqiiqda u shiid (shred) waraaqaha aadan u baahnayn ee ay ku qoran yihiin akhbaar ku saabsan aqoonsiga carruurtaada – haddii aad jeexjeexdid oo qashinka ku dartid waxaa dhici karta in tuugadu inta ay qashinka ka soo faagtaan ay isku dhejiyaan waraaqaha jeexjeexan oo sidaas ku helaan lambarka aqoonsiga.
• Ka taxadar akhbaarta aad ku qoreysid aaladaha Social Media (sida Facebook, Twitter, Instagram iwm), gaar ahaan akhbaarta ku saabsan canugga taariikhdiisa dhalashada, sawiradiisa iyo wixii xog ah ee lagu aqoonsan karo canugga. Waayo ma ogid akhbaarta aad Internetka gelisid meesha iyo cidda ay gaari doonaan.

Waxaa kale muhiim ah in aad hubisid wax kasta oo ku qoran waraaqaha laguu soo diro ee ku qoran magaca canugga: in aad ogtahay cidda ay ka yimaadeen, waxa ay ku saabsan yihiin iyo ujeedada loo soo diray, marna ha dhayalsan.

Haddii aadan fahmi karin waraaqaha laguu soo diro luqadda ay ku qoran yihiin, la kaasho qof kuu tarjuma, marna yeysan ku dhaafin akhbaar laguu hoos gelinayo oo ku saabsan canugaaga, waayo haddii aad dhayalsatid waxay taasi saamayn iyo raad aan wanaagsanayn ku yeelan kartaa mustaqabalka carruurtaada.

Xarumaha Laga Hubiyo Credit-ka (iyo in la xaday lambarka aqoonsiga)

Khubarada ku xeel dheer difaaca aqoonsiga waxay dadka qaan-gaarka ah kula taliyaan in ay dhawrkii biloodba hubiyaan credit-kooda si ay ula socdaan in tuugo ku xad gudubtey. Waxaana si lacag la’aan ah looga hubin karaa barta https://www.annualcreditreport.com. LAAKIIN habkaas si wanaagsan looguma adeegsan karo carruurta, sababtoo ah carruurtu malaha fayl credit ah.

Haddaba haddii aad walaac qabtid, waxaa Guddiga Ganacsiga ee Federaalka Maraykanka (Federal Trade Commission) ay ku taliyaan in si toos ah loola xiriiro saddexda xarumood ee laga hubiyo Credit-ka oo kala ah:

• http://www.equifax.com (1-800-525-6285),
• http://www.experian.com (1-888-397-3742) iyo
• http://www.transunion.com (childidtheft@transunion.com),

Waxaadna saddexdaas xarumood ka dalbataa in ay kuu baaraan faylka caanugaaga si loo hubiyo in aan cid kale magaciisa iyo aqoonsigiisa adeegsan.

Maxaa xal ah haddii aad ogaatid in la xaday aqoonsiga canugaaga

Marka aad hubisid aqoonsiga canugga, adigoo la xiriiraya saddexda xarumoood ee sare ee hubinta credit-ka, haddii aad markaas ogaatid in si khaldan loo adeegsadey aqoonsiga canugga, waxaa muhiim ah in aad si degdeg ah ugu dhaqaaqdid tallaabooyinkan:

• Saddexda xarumood ee hubinta credit-ka (ee kor ku xusan), mid kasta weydiiso in ay tirtiraan akoonada sida khaldan loogu furtay magaca canugga, in ay tirtiraan wax kasta oo la xiriira akoonadaas iyo in fayl kasta oo ku saabsan magaaca canugga iyo lambarkiisa aqoonsiga ay ka dhigaan ‘xalay-dhalay’ aan cidna deyn iyo qaan u haysan.
• La xiriir dhammaan shirkadaha iyo ganacsiyada sida khaldan loogu adeegsadey aqoonsiga iyo magaca canugga. Waxaadna ka dalbataa inay xiraan dhammaan akoonda khaladka loo furtay, kuna muujiyaan in tuugo sidaas yeeshay ee aan canugga saqiirka ah shaqo ku lahayn.
• La xiriir xarumaha laga hubiyo credit-ka, kuna war geli in xatooyo loo geystey aqoonsiga canugaaga, habkaas waxaa loo yaqaan (Fraud Alert) oo ah wargelin digniineed in xatooyo lagu sameeyey lambarka aqoonsiga canugga.
• Qoraal cabasho ah u gudbi FTC (Guddiga Ganacsiga ee Federaalka Maraykanka) adigoo adeegsanaya Online: https://www.ftccomplaintassistant.gov ama telefoon 1-877-438-4338.
• Haddii xatooyadu la xiriirto adeeg caafimaad ama cashuur celinta arrintaas ku war geli booliska.

Gabagabo:

Si looga taxadaro in lagu xad gudbo aqoonsiga carruurta, waxaa muhiim ah in marka hore ay waalidku ku baraarugaan arrimaha ku xusan qoraalka sare, isla markaasna qaadaan tallaaboyin ka hor-tag ah iyo feejignaan.

Haddii da’da carruurtaadu weyn tahay, markaas bar taxadarka, adigoo kala hadlaya in aysan akhbaar lagu garan karo ama aqoonsi u ah ku daabacin internetka ama la wadaagin aaladaha social media.

Waxaa waalidka la gudboon in si lamid ah sida ay carruurtooda u baraan ka taxadarka dabka raranka ah ee dambaskiisu hoos ka kulul in sidaas oo kalena ay uga taxadaraan Internetka. Sidoo kale waxaa muhiim ah in carruurta la baro in aysan qashinka ku darin waraaqo ay ku qoran yihiin aqoonsigooda, telefoonka ama cinwaanka guriga. Waana in loo tababaro in carrurtu noqdaan fariid indhaha kala haya.

Afeef: Qoraalkan AqoonKaal.com waxay ugu talo gashay aqoon kororsi, baraarujin iyo foojignaan in ayu yeeshaan wax kasta oo la xiriira aqoonsiga carruurtooda.

Qore: Maxamed Cali Aaden (AqoonKaal.com)

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Faafin: www.AqoonKaal.com

• Sidoo kale akhri Carruurtaada Bar Wax Akhriska, Ogowna “Waqti ayey Qaadanaysaa”

Tixraac:

Akhbaar dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan difaaca aqoonsiga carruurta waxaad ka heli kartaa websiteyada http://ftc.gov, http://www.idtheftcenter.org iyo http://identitytheftassistance.org.

• Minnesota Parent magazine (http://mnparent.com)
• FTC.gov: http://www.consumer.ftc.gov/articles/0040-child-identity-theft
• 2012 Child Identity Fraud Report: http://www.identitytheftassistance.org/promo/  2012_Child_Identity_Fraud_Report/ 2012_Child_Identity_Fraud_Report.html
• Carnegie Mellon University: https://www.cylab.cmu.edu/files/ pdfs/reports/2011/child-identity-theft.pdf
• WashingtonPost: http://www.washingtonpost.com/business /economy/identity-thefts-youngest-victims/2012/12/04/6598cea4-3e58-11e2-bca3-aadc9b7e29c5_story.html
• http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/08/21/child-identity-theft_n_931485.html

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